Patanjali. The ashtanga yoga basics include paying attention to each of the eight limbs, which are:• Yama (principles or moral code);
• Niyama (personal disciplines);
• Asana (ashtanga yoga postures)
• Pranayama (yoga breathing);
• Prayahara (withdrawal of senses);
• Dharana (concentration on objects);
• Dhyan (meditation);
• Samadhi (salvation).